{"id":1907,"date":"2026-10-27T14:53:05","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T12:53:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/?p=1907"},"modified":"2026-10-27T14:53:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T12:53:53","slug":"securitate-cibernetica-supraveghere-video-gdpr-ghid-dnsc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/securitate-cibernetica-supraveghere-video-gdpr-ghid-dnsc\/","title":{"rendered":"Cybersecurity of Video Surveillance Systems: Legal Obligations, Data Protection and the Operator's Legal Liability"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1907\" class=\"elementor elementor-1907\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f735e5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5f735e5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-288a338 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"288a338\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d4cbce elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-jkit_post_title\" data-id=\"9d4cbce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jkit_post_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div  class=\"jeg-elementor-kit jkit-post-title jeg_module___6ae0d521ceb79\" ><h1 class=\"post-title style-color\">Cybersecurity of Video Surveillance Systems: Legal Obligations, Data Protection and the Operator's Legal Liability<\/h1><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd1e4bf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bd1e4bf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-911297b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-jkit_post_date\" data-id=\"911297b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jkit_post_date.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div  class=\"jeg-elementor-kit jkit-post-date jeg_module__1_6ae0d521d1a56\" ><p class=\"post-date\">27\/10\/2026<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd14164 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"dd14164\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38dad15 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"38dad15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b855f53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jkit_post_featured_image\" data-id=\"b855f53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jkit_post_featured_image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div  class=\"jeg-elementor-kit jkit-post-featured-image jeg_module__2_6ae0d521d44b5\" ><div class=\"post-featured-image\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1374\" height=\"920\" src=\"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/securitate-cibernetica-supraveghere-video-gdpr.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"Camer\u0103 de supraveghere \u0219i pictograme de securitate cibernetic\u0103 \u2013 supravegherea video \u00eentre securitate cibernetic\u0103, GDPR \u0219i r\u0103spundere juridic\u0103\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/securitate-cibernetica-supraveghere-video-gdpr.webp 1374w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/securitate-cibernetica-supraveghere-video-gdpr-300x201.webp 300w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/securitate-cibernetica-supraveghere-video-gdpr-1024x686.webp 1024w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/securitate-cibernetica-supraveghere-video-gdpr-768x514.webp 768w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/securitate-cibernetica-supraveghere-video-gdpr-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1374px) 100vw, 1374px\" \/><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65f10bf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"65f10bf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2772a30 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2772a30\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4ab1b6 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c4ab1b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;\">1. Introduction: from physical security to information security<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9798401 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9798401\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Video surveillance systems have become a standard component of the security infrastructure of public institutions and businesses. Their use is intended mainly to protect people and property, prevent incidents and ensure an adequate level of control over access to certain areas. Technological development, however, has substantially changed the nature of these systems, which can no longer be analysed solely in terms of the physical equipment installed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-079556c elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"079556c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>IP cameras, recording equipment, video management platforms, cloud storage services and applications allowing remote access form an interconnected IT ecosystem. Its operation depends on software, network configuration, authentication mechanisms and the ability of manufacturers and administrators to identify and remedy security vulnerabilities.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c95a98 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c95a98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In these circumstances, the compromise of a surveillance system does not merely mean the temporary loss of footage or the unavailability of equipment. Such an incident may allow unauthorised access to recordings, the disclosure of personal data, the alteration or deletion of material with evidential value and, in certain situations, the use of the compromised infrastructure as an entry point into the organisation's other IT systems.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-053194f elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"053194f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The guide \u201cSecurity of Surveillance Systems\u201d, published by the National Cyber Security Directorate (DNSC) in October 2026, reflects this change of perspective by treating surveillance systems as IT infrastructures whose security must be ensured throughout their entire period of use.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc0323c elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc0323c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>From a legal point of view, this development calls for an integrated analysis of the obligations relating to the guarding of premises, cybersecurity, personal data protection, public procurement and contractual liability. The mere existence of a functioning system or the installation of high-performance equipment does not, in itself, demonstrate compliance with all applicable legal obligations.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-226c572 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"226c572\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;\">2. The legal framework applicable to video surveillance systems<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e8ea08 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e8ea08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The legal regime of video surveillance systems is determined by the purpose for which they are used, the technical characteristics of the infrastructure, the nature of the data processed and the status of the organisation operating the system.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3102fda elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3102fda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A first point of reference is Law No 333\/2003 on the guarding of premises, goods and valuables and the protection of persons, together with its implementing rules approved by Government Decision No 301\/2012, insofar as the system falls within the scope of that framework. These provisions must be taken into account in relation to the requirements governing the organisation of physical security measures and the use of technical means of protection.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50537d5 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50537d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At the same time, Regulation (EU) 2016\/679 on the protection of personal data (GDPR) becomes relevant where the system allows natural persons to be identified directly or indirectly. Recording images of people entering an institution, commercial premises or a production facility is, as a rule, a personal data processing operation subject to the principles and obligations laid down in the Regulation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec38fb2 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec38fb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A third legislative layer is Government Emergency Ordinance No 155\/2024 establishing a framework for the cybersecurity of networks and information systems in the national civilian cyberspace, approved with amendments and additions by Law No 124\/2025. The applicability of the obligations laid down in that act must be determined according to the entity's specific classification within the regulated categories and the conditions laid down by law. Not every organisation that uses video cameras becomes, for that reason alone, an entity subject to all the obligations specific to the NIS2 regime.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42845bc elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"42845bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In addition, for products with digital elements, the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024\/2847 on horizontal cybersecurity requirements for products with digital elements, known as the Cyber Resilience Act, may be relevant, in accordance with its phased application timetable.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd0bc38 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd0bc38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Depending on the system's functionalities, the applicability of Regulation (EU) 2024\/1689 on artificial intelligence must also be examined, in particular where advanced video analytics or biometric identification mechanisms are used.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cf2c98 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cf2c98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>These legislative acts must not be applied mechanically or confused with one another. Each lays down distinct obligations, which must be identified in light of the organisation's activity, its technical architecture and the operations actually carried out.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1599d elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e1599d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;\">3. The controller's personal data protection obligations<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0d69ef elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0d69ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>One of the most important legal aspects of video surveillance is the lawfulness of processing images and the proportionality of the monitoring measures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c62cfe3 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c62cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Under the principles laid down in the GDPR, the controller must determine, before installing the system, the purpose of the processing, the legal basis, the categories of data collected, the persons who may access the recordings and how long they will be kept. Video surveillance cannot be justified solely by a general reference to security, without an analysis of the necessity and proportionality of the measure in relation to the aim pursued.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51b5d9a elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"51b5d9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Where the processing is based on legitimate interest, the controller must be able to demonstrate the existence of the interest invoked, the necessity of the processing and the balance between that interest and the rights and freedoms of the data subjects. In other situations, the legal basis must be identified in light of the specific circumstances and the rules applicable to the activity carried out.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b70808d elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b70808d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Particular attention must be paid to the monitoring of employees. An employment relationship does not give the employer an unlimited right to monitor, and the employee's consent is generally not an appropriate legal basis where the imbalance between the parties affects whether it is freely given. Monitoring must be justified by a legitimate aim, limited to what is necessary and organised in compliance with the safeguards provided by the applicable legislation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7622ea6 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7622ea6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Similarly, cameras must be positioned in a way that respects reasonable expectations of privacy. Monitoring toilets, rest areas or examination and treatment rooms raises particularly serious legal issues and cannot be legitimised simply by displaying a notice about the presence of cameras.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69379be elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69379be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Informing data subjects is another essential obligation. Visible signage before entering the monitored area must be supplemented by the information required by Article 13 GDPR, in an accessible form. The controller must also ensure that data subjects can effectively exercise their rights, including the right of access, while protecting the rights and freedoms of other persons captured in the recordings.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0535e99 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0535e99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The retention period for footage must be set according to the specific purpose of the processing and the need to keep the data. There is no general justification for storing recordings indefinitely, and access to and export of footage must be subject to clear, documented and verifiable rules.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac1f59c elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac1f59c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the situations provided for in Article 35 GDPR, the controller must carry out a data protection impact assessment before processing begins. Whether such an assessment is needed must be examined in light of the nature, scope, context and purposes of the operations, and of the criteria applicable to processing likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-729416c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"729416c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/dispecerat-supraveghere-video-securitate-cibernetica-1024x684.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1905\" alt=\"Dispecerat de supraveghere video cu monitoare \u0219i sistem de \u00eenregistrare\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/dispecerat-supraveghere-video-securitate-cibernetica-1024x684.webp 1024w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/dispecerat-supraveghere-video-securitate-cibernetica-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/dispecerat-supraveghere-video-securitate-cibernetica-768x513.webp 768w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/dispecerat-supraveghere-video-securitate-cibernetica-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/dispecerat-supraveghere-video-securitate-cibernetica.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eace0f0 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eace0f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;\">4. Cybersecurity and the obligation to adopt appropriate technical and organisational measures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c155dc elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c155dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Data protection cannot be effectively ensured without appropriate cybersecurity measures. An organisation may have formal documentation on video surveillance and may properly inform data subjects, yet remain exposed to significant risks if the equipment is poorly configured or access to recordings is not controlled.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef69cd1 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef69cd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Article 32 GDPR requires the controller and, where applicable, the processor to adopt appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk. The assessment must take into account the state of the art, the costs of implementation, the nature and purpose of the processing and the risks to data subjects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d9c6f7 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d9c6f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For surveillance systems, appropriate measures may include replacing default credentials, using individual accounts, limiting administrative privileges, encrypting communications, updating firmware, disabling unnecessary services and keeping logs of access and configuration changes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30a4181 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30a4181\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Remote access requires particular attention. Exposing cameras or recording equipment directly to the internet through unjustifiably open ports may create an access route for unauthorised persons. Where remote administration is necessary, it should be carried out through secure mechanisms controlled by the organisation and, where appropriate, with multi-factor authentication.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6007efa elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6007efa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Separating the surveillance system from the general IT network can also limit the spread of an incident's effects. Network segmentation, restricted communications and documentation of the technical architecture help reduce the risk that a compromised camera or vulnerable recording device will allow access to the organisation's other IT resources.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e583201 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e583201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>From a legal perspective, these measures should not be seen merely as technical recommendations independent of the controller's obligations. Insofar as they are necessary to meet the applicable legal requirements, their absence may become relevant when assessing whether the security measures adopted were appropriate.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7818223 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7818223\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>However, no incident automatically gives rise to the controller's liability. The analysis must take into account the obligations actually applicable, the risks that could reasonably have been identified, the measures adopted and the specific circumstances in which the incident occurred.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25301dd elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25301dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;\">5. Procurement and acceptance of surveillance systems: the role of contractual documentation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb99f3f elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb99f3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A frequently overlooked point is that the security of a surveillance system begins before the equipment is installed, namely at the stage of defining requirements and selecting the supplier.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-950c710 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"950c710\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For contracting authorities, the procurement documents must be drawn up in line with the aim pursued, the needs identified and the applicable public procurement rules. The assessment of solutions should not be reduced to the initial price, camera resolution or storage capacity, but should also take into account the possibility of secure administration, the availability of updates, the duration of technical support, interoperability and dependence on the supplier.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c94964e elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c94964e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>From this perspective, the specifications should include verifiable requirements on authentication, access control, logging, encryption, security updates, backups, restoration and the technical documentation handed over to the beneficiary.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6cc4af elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6cc4af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Equally important is the contractual regulation of the supplier's access. The contract must clarify under what conditions the system may be accessed, who authorises interventions, how operations are recorded and when access rights are revoked. If the supplier or integrator has access to personal data, the legal characterisation of the relationship between the parties must also be examined, including whether a contract under Article 28 GDPR is required where the conditions applicable to a processor are met.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56f55e0 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56f55e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It is also useful to include clauses on vulnerability notification, availability of updates, incident response times, the duration of technical support and the handover of the documentation needed to administer the system independently.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d8d530 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d8d530\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Acceptance should not be limited to confirming the delivery and installation of the equipment. It should allow verification of the contracted functionalities, security settings, accounts and roles, logging, backup mechanisms and the delimitation of the supplier's access.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03a6a50 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03a6a50\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A purely formal acceptance may carry vulnerabilities into the operational phase that are harder and more costly to remedy later. For this reason, documenting the checks carried out and recording any non-conformities identified has both operational and legal value, including in any subsequent disputes over performance of the contract.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5daff34 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5daff34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;\">6. Legal liability for security vulnerabilities and incidents<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de4a3aa elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"de4a3aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The compromise of a surveillance system may give rise to different forms of liability, depending on the nature of the obligation breached, the status of the person responsible and the consequences that ensue.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6356c76 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6356c76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the field of data protection, breaches of GDPR obligations may lead to corrective measures and, where the legal conditions are met, administrative fines. Where material or non-material damage results from an infringement of the Regulation, the compensation mechanism provided for in Article 82 GDPR may also apply, under the conditions laid down therein.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f48de70 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f48de70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Contractually, liability may arise where the supplier fails to meet its obligations regarding product security, updates, technical support, confidentiality or the remedying of defects. Conversely, legal consequences may also arise for the beneficiary where it does not comply with the terms of use, does not properly manage access or does not fulfil its own obligations under the contract.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3005a9 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3005a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For entities within the scope of GEO No 155\/2024, incidents must also be examined in light of the specific risk management and reporting obligations. An event is not presumed to be a significant incident merely because a surveillance system has been affected; this must be determined according to the legal criteria and the impact on the entity and its services.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7093da3 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7093da3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At the same time, where the incident involves a personal data breach, the obligations under Articles 33 and 34 GDPR must be examined separately. Notification of the supervisory authority within 72 hours of becoming aware of the breach is required where the conditions of Article 33 are met, and communication to data subjects is required in the situations provided for in Article 34.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-410b342 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"410b342\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It is therefore essential to distinguish between a technical incident, a cybersecurity incident relevant to a particular legal regime and a personal data breach. These categories may overlap, but they are not identical and may give rise to distinct obligations.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0ee7e4 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b0ee7e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In any assessment of liability, the documentation on the risk assessment, the updates applied, access to the system, the supplier's interventions and the measures taken to contain the incident may play a decisive role in reconstructing the facts and establishing the conduct of each party.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-586198a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"586198a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/camere-supraveghere-video-institutie-publica-1024x684.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1906\" alt=\"Camere de supraveghere video montate pe cl\u0103direa unei institu\u021bii publice\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/camere-supraveghere-video-institutie-publica-1024x684.webp 1024w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/camere-supraveghere-video-institutie-publica-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/camere-supraveghere-video-institutie-publica-768x513.webp 768w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/camere-supraveghere-video-institutie-publica-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/camere-supraveghere-video-institutie-publica.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4ea094 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c4ea094\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;\">7. Managing the system throughout its life cycle<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5e4633 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5e4633\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>An appropriate legal approach cannot be limited to the time of installation or acceptance of the system. Risks evolve as new vulnerabilities appear, staff change, configurations are modified or the manufacturer's support ends.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-067a092 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"067a092\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The organisation must be able to demonstrate, to the extent required by the applicable legal framework, that the system is administered in a controlled manner, that access is granted according to job responsibilities and that technical interventions are documented. Regular review of permissions, application of updates and testing of restoration mechanisms help maintain an adequate level of security.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db052c5 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db052c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Equally, decommissioning equipment must not be treated as a mere inventory operation. Hard drives, memory cards and other media may contain recordings or sensitive configurations, and associated accounts and connections may remain active after the equipment has been withdrawn.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a715235 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a715235\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Proper decommissioning involves identifying the components withdrawn, revoking access, securely erasing or, where appropriate, destroying the media in a documented manner, updating the inventory and removing integrations that are no longer needed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98a89b3 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98a89b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>These operations close the system's life cycle and reduce the risk that data or access points remain exposed after it is no longer in use.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42dfad8 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"42dfad8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;\">8. Conclusions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-853eea0 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"853eea0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Video surveillance systems must be analysed as infrastructures combining physical security, information technology and the processing of personal data. This reality calls for an integrated legal approach, in which the controller's obligations are not limited to justifying the installation of cameras and displaying notices to data subjects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8648243 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8648243\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Compliance requires correctly identifying the applicable legal framework, assessing risks, adopting appropriate technical and organisational measures, carefully selecting suppliers, drafting appropriate contractual clauses and effectively verifying the system before it is put into operation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0396ce5 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0396ce5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The DNSC guide of October 2026 provides a practical reference for integrating cybersecurity into all these stages. Its guidance nature should not be confused with that of a legislative act, but its recommendations can help identify risks and document the measures adopted by the organisation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58aaea7 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58aaea7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Finally, the security of a surveillance system cannot be assessed solely by whether the cameras work or by the quality of the footage recorded. The relevant criterion is the organisation's ability to use the system lawfully, protect the data collected, prevent unauthorised access and demonstrate that the risks have been properly identified and managed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1e7a7d elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1e7a7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><br \/><br \/>Author: P.A.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n    <div class=\"xs_social_share_widget xs_share_url after_content \t\tmain_content  wslu-style-1 wslu-share-box-shaped wslu-fill-colored wslu-none wslu-share-horizontal wslu-theme-font-no wslu-main_content\">\n\n\t\t\n        <ul>\n\t\t\t        <\/ul>\n    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Securitatea cibernetic\u0103 a sistemelor de supraveghere video. Obliga\u021bii legale, protec\u021bia datelor \u0219i r\u0103spunderea juridic\u0103 a operatorului 27\/10\/2026 1. Introducere. De la securitatea fizic\u0103 la securitatea informatic\u0103 Sistemele de supraveghere video au devenit o component\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103 a infrastructurii de securitate a institu\u021biilor publice \u0219i a operatorilor economici. Utilizarea acestora urm\u0103re\u0219te, \u00een principal, protejarea persoanelor \u0219i a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1904,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","postBodyCss":"","postBodyMargin":[],"postBodyPadding":[],"postBodyBackground":{"backgroundType":"classic","gradient":""},"_thinkrank_schema_form_data":"","_thinkrank_selected_schema_type":"","_thinkrank_additional_schemas":"","_thinkrank_canonical_url":"","_thinkrank_og_title":"","_thinkrank_og_description":"","_thinkrank_og_image":"","_thinkrank_twitter_title":"","_thinkrank_twitter_description":"","_thinkrank_twitter_image":"","_thinkrank_imported_from":"","_thinkrank_focus_keywords":[],"_thinkrank_focus_keyword":"","_thinkrank_robots_meta_enabled":0,"_thinkrank_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_advanced_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_exclude_from_search":0,"_thinkrank_exclude_from_archives":0,"_thinkrank_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-securitate-cibernetica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1907","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1907"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1907\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1910,"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1907\/revisions\/1910"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1904"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1907"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1907"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avocatludusan.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}